List of Problems with the Sex Crime/Offender System

There are so many problems with the current sex crime/offender system that it is overwhelming to think about it.  You can’t truly understand how dark life can be until you’ve been charged with a sex crime.  Once charged, you will be shocked at the new world in which you live, and the new identity you have assumed.  You will look around, wondering why somebody isn’t doing something about it.  You will ask yourself, “How can they get away with that?”  This happens every day, over and over.  Fortunately more and more people are becoming aware of the corruption and biases of the system.

Let’s work together and define each of these problems, and bring them to light!  I have started a list below, in no particular order.

1) The courts stretch and interpret the law as they see fit, just as long as they can convict. For example, the courts have ruled that touching one’s vagina with your penis is considered to be rape!  They ruled that the element of penetration would be established by this act because your penis would have broke the physical plane of some structure of the vagina.

2) Prior to the Crawford v Washington ruling, a child’s out-of-court statement could be admitted in lieu of live testimony if the judge believed those statements were reliable.  This meant that a defendant could be convicted without ever having an opportunity to cross examine the child.  In the Crawford v Washington ruling, however, Justice Scalia rightfully eliminated this insult to the 6th Amendment.  He ruled that if a child’s out-of-court statement is testimonial in nature, it cannot be admitted unless the defendant has had a fair and full opportunity to cross examine the child regarding this statement.

Here is where the problem lies.  When some defendants appealed based upon this decision, some courts have ruled that the preliminary hearing testimony was sufficient to satisfy the right to cross examine requirement.  How wrong is this?  Discovery evidence isn’t even available at this early stage.  The defense is in no way prepared to fully cross examine.  The scope of the hearing is limited to establishing prima facie, and therefore the prosecution’s direct examination is limited, and therefore so must be the defense’s cross!

3) Another counter to the Crawford v Washington is the use of video testimony.  The child sits in a room not viewable by the defendant, and testifies via video conferencing.  Obviously this violates the “face to face” clause in the 6th Amendment.  So what did some state supreme courts do?  They removed the “face to face” clause from their constitution!

4) The wire-tap laws do not apply when the conversation is about sexual abuse.  This is one of the many basic rights that is removed from anyone charged with these crimes.

5) In most states, mistake-of-age is not a defense!  How can someone be held to rape charges if that teenager lied about his or her age?  What if the teen shows a fake ID?  It simply doesn’t matter.  Courts claim that an adult should pick up on certain clues that a teen is not of legal age.  The way teens are in today’s society, this is unlikely.

6) Related to number 5, there is no punishment for teens that lie about their age, and consequently ruin a good man’s life.

7) Some states use the phrase “sexually violent predator”.  To me this sounds like a serial child rapist.  In reality, however, this can be anyone who has been convicted of a sex crime, and has a mental abnormality.  So if the defendant was convicted of touching someones tush, and was found to have a mood disorder, he would acquire the label of “sexually violent predator.”  This is very deceiving to the public, who want to know who the true sexually violent predators are.

8) If you were charged with murder, hearsay would be inadmissible.  This isn’t the case with sex crimes though.  Most states have hearsay exceptions, and if the statement was regarding sexual abuse, its admissible.  The reason hearsay is inadmissible is because it is unreliable, so what makes it more reliable if it is regarding sexual abuse?  Some states have what is called an “excited utterance” exception.  For example, if a child yells “mommy he just touched me” right after the act, this statement would be admissible.  The courts feel a statement like this  is reliable because it is the event speaking, and not the child.  Perhaps so, but this is another law that has been abused by courts.  Now, it doesn’t matter if the statement was made a week after the alleged event, as long as the court believes that the statement was a result of a traumatic or startling event!

9) The ex post facto clause in the US Constitution and state constitutions exists to prevent legal consequences from retroactively changing.  For example, if you were convicted of rape in 1980 and the max penalty was 5 years, you could not be re-sentenced to 20 years in 2011 if the sentencing guidelines changed.  Once again, when it comes to sex crimes this does not apply.  As we speak, states are conforming to the SORNA provisions drafted by the federal government.  These new laws are designed to apply retroactively.  Some courts have ruled that this does not violate the ex post facto clause because these laws are not punitive, and are instead remedial, and for the safety of the public.  You and I both know that these laws are the most punitive laws that exist.

10) Lower-court judges often are high on power.  They make rulings that are blatant violations of the law, yet they have no one to answer to.  Meanwhile, a defendant has to rot in jail until a competent judge from a higher court reverses the decision.  That is, assuming that he or she can afford an appeal.  Also, there is no reprimand for judges who constantly make these erroneous rulings.  Also, even if a higher court finds the ruling to be erroneous, it might not vacate the judgement unless the error truly “prejudiced” the defendant.  This is a gray area that is used in a lot of sexual abuse cases.

11)  What happened to innocent until proven guilty?  If you’re charged with a sex crime and work for a government agency, you are suspended without pay.  If you work for a private company you’re just simply fired.

12) The penalties for sex crimes are disproportionate.  The sentences for murder are more lenient than those of sex crimes.

13) So many people are found not guilty, but what happens to the accusers?  Why are they not punished?  Some people say that a not-guilty verdict does not mean that the defendant was not guilty – it just means that the prosecution couldn’t prove it.  How bias is this?  When someone is found guilty though, these same people would not use that line of reasoning.

14) Prosecutors and judges (and many others if new laws pass) have immunity.  This means that they cannot be held liable for any shady, unethical , or illegal actions they might take when trying to convict you.  Do you think that this may open the door for false convictions?  They’ll do whatever they have to in order to get the conviction.

15) For the people that are mentally ill and need help, there is none.  And, if they reach out and try to get help, their therapist is required to report them to the police.

16) What other crimes are you aware of that can lead to your being held in prison indefinitely, despite the fact that you’ve served your time?

17) In some states the age of consent is 16, and therefore it is legal to have consensual sex with a 16 year-old, but if you take a nude picture of her or him, you’ll rot in prison.

18) Sometimes it’s just better to take a probation plea.  But if you take a nolo contendere or Alfred plea, be prepared for hell anyway.  This is because you will likely have to get sex offender treatment therapy, and a condition of this is that you must admit your wrongdoing.  If you don’t, they often consider this a violation of your probation conditions and you are sent to jail.

19) Statutes of limitations are set in place because it is very difficult if not impossible to defend against accusations made decades ago.  It is simply unfair for a defendant to have to prove his innocence when witnesses cant be found, memories have faded and evidence has been lost.  Well, most states are now removing the SOLs for sex crimes.  As if it isn’t bad enough that someones word alone is enough to convict you.

 Disclaimer: The materials available at this website are for informational purposes only and not for the purpose of providing legal advice. You should contact your attorney to obtain advice with respect to any particular issue or problem. Use and access to this website or any of the links contained within the site do not create an attorney-client relationship. The opinions expressed at or through this site are the opinions of the individual author and may not reflect the opinions of the firm or any individual attorney.

Posted in Reform | Tagged |
3 Comments

Right To Confrontation in Sexual Abuse Cases

Sixth Amendment Right to Confrontation

“In all criminal prosecutions, the accused shall enjoy the right… to be confronted with the witnesses against him.

“One of the most basic rights a defendant has is to confront his or her accuser. Several years back, however, this right dissipated with the introductions hearsay exception laws regarding child sexual abuse cases.

Realizing that children were being severely stressed by having to see defendants in
court, or by the act of testifying, lawmakers enacted laws that allowed a child’s out-of-court statements to be admissible in lieu of live testimony.

In Ohio v. Roberts, 448 U.S. 56 (1980), the court set forth a two-pronged test in order for hearsay to be admissible against a criminal defendant: (1) the declarant generally must be shown to be unavailable; and (2) the statement must have been made under circumstances providing sufficient “indicia of reliability.”

Therefore, if the court ruled that the child’s statements were reliable, the defendant could be convicted without ever having the opportunity to cross examine him or her. This was until Crawford v. Washington, 541 U.S. 36 (2004), came to town.

The latter referenced case is one of the most influential and important cases in sex crimes defense history. The end result of this case was that the Supreme Court ruled that any out-of-court statement that is testimonial in nature is not admissible unless the defendant has had a full and fair opportunity to cross examine the declarant regarding these statements.

With this, child witnesses must testify before any of their out-of-court statements can come into evidence. Prosecutors, however, have several means of countering this law, and if you do not hire a highly experienced sex crimes criminal lawyer, you may in fact lose your right to confrontation.

 Disclaimer: The materials available at this website are for informational purposes only and not for the purpose of providing legal advice. You should contact your attorney to obtain advice with respect to any particular issue or problem. Use and access to this website or any of the links contained within the site do not create an attorney-client relationship. The opinions expressed at or through this site are the opinions of the individual author and may not reflect the opinions of the firm or any individual attorney.

Posted in 6th Amendment Issues | Tagged , |
Leave a comment

Age of Consent

The age of consent is the minimum age at which a person is considered to be legally competent to consent to sexual acts.  In the US, the average age of consent is 16, but in other countries such as South Korea and Spain, it is 13.  The question is why is it illegal to have sex with individuals below a certain age.

The most popular answer to this question is that young individuals are not sufficiently intellectually developed to make such decisions.  They are vulnerable to being persuaded without fully realizing the consequences of their actions.  This is certainly true, but don’t you think that this has changed over the years?

We now live in a society where sex is promoted on television shows, in music, and even through clothing lines designed for teens.  Teenagers are having sexual relations at ages as young as 11,; do you believe that these teens are cognizant of their decisions and the consequences by ages 13-15?

Perhaps not, but in some US states it is legal for an individual to have sex with a person below the age of 16 (but not less than 13) if that individual is no more than 3 years older.  So, a 17 year old male can legally have sexual relations with a 14 year old, but if he were 18, he would be charged with a felony sex crime and have to register as a sex offender.  The questions is, how is the 14-year-old female any less damaged by a 17 year-old as apposed to an 18-year-old?  She isn’t.  The only argument here is that the 17 year-old is still considered a minor who is not intellectually mature enough to be responsible for his actions.  Do you believe this?

In the end, the laws are established according to our societal views, which have drastically changed over the years.  They appear to be formed based upon morality, which obviously has no place in our judicial system.  How can we use morality for sex crime laws when today, it is legal for males to have sex with and even marry other males?  Disagree?  Please join this discussion.

 Disclaimer: The materials available at this website are for informational purposes only and not for the purpose of providing legal advice. You should contact your attorney to obtain advice with respect to any particular issue or problem. Use and access to this website or any of the links contained within the site do not create an attorney-client relationship. The opinions expressed at or through this site are the opinions of the individual author and may not reflect the opinions of the firm or any individual attorney.

Posted in Age Of Consent | Tagged |
2 Comments

Child Porn – Touch But Don’t Look

child pornography lawsEver hear of the old saying, “look but don’t touch”?  Well when it comes to child pornography, the opposite is expected.

In most states across the county the age of consent is 16. This means that regardless of your age, you are legally allowed to have consensual sexual relations with any girl aged 16 or older.

But what about taking nude pictures?  According to federal and state child pornography laws, it is illegal to produce, possess, or distribute any nude image of a person who is under the age of 18, if the picture is sexually suggestive.  The following is from the US Department of Justice:

“Child pornography is defined by law as the visual depiction of a person under the age of 18 engaged in sexually explicit conduct. See 18 U.S.C. §§2256(1) and (8). This means that any image of a child engaged in sexually explicit conduct is illegal contraband. Notably, the legal definition of sexually explicit conduct does not require that an image depict a child engaging in sexual activity. See 18 U.S.C. § 2256(2). A picture of a naked child may constitute illegal child pornography if it is sufficiently sexually suggestive. In addition, for purposes of the child pornography statutes, federal law considers a person under the age of 18 to be a child. See 18 U.S.C. § 2256(1). It is irrelevant that the age of consent for sexual activity in a given state might be lower than 18. A visual depiction for purposes of the federal child pornography laws includes a photograph or videotape, including undeveloped film or videotape, as well as data stored electronically which can be converted into a visual image. For example, images of children engaged in sexually explicit conduct stored on a computer disk are considered visual depictions.” (Source)

This is a perfect example of how dysfunctional and unfair laws are when pertaining to sex crimes.  To think that one can have consensual sexual intercourse with a 16 year old, but would spend 10 years rotting in prison for taking nude pictures of her is ludicrous.  Nevertheless our courts enforce these laws to the utmost extent.  If you ever find yourself facing child pornography charges, be sure to hire a sex crimes attorney who is intimate with the specific defenses to these types of charges.

 Disclaimer: The materials available at this website are for informational purposes only and not for the purpose of providing legal advice. You should contact your attorney to obtain advice with respect to any particular issue or problem. Use and access to this website or any of the links contained within the site do not create an attorney-client relationship. The opinions expressed at or through this site are the opinions of the individual author and may not reflect the opinions of the firm or any individual attorney.

Posted in Child Pornography | Tagged , , |
Leave a comment

Taint Hearings in Sexual Abuse Cases

The evidence in child sexual abuse cases often consists solely of the child’s statement versus the defendant’s.  Essentially there are two primary methods to impeach the credibility of a child’s statements: 1) provide a motive to falsify, and 2) provide evidence that the child’s statements are products of suggestibility.

An example of suggestibility is a social worker asking the child, “now when he touched you in your private part….”, when in fact the child never previously stated where she was touched, or that she was touched “in”.  This is one example of how a child can be tainted.

Another example of child taint: prior to being interviewed, a child hears her mother say, “I hate (the defendant), and I hope he rots in jail”.  This suggests to the child that her mother dislikes the defendant, and therefore the child believes he is a bad person, and forms a dislike for the defendant herself.

The end result of a child being tainted is that his or her recollection, interpretation, or belief as to what happened is falsely molded.  Furthermore, the child will eventually truly believe that this is what happened.

Many jurists have a hard time believing that a child would make up such stories.  This is why it is crucial to educate them about the phenomenon of taint and suggestibilty.  Several years ago the courts did not recognize this phenomenon as being a legitimate legal argument.  This was until Attorney Tom Pavlinic prevailed before the Pennsylvania Supreme Court on a child abuse conviction involving issues of competency and taint as matters of first impression. See Com. v. Delbridge, 885 A.2d 27 (Pa.2003).

Since then, Tom routinely requests taint hearings in cases where he believes there is evidence of taint.  This often involves his having an expert forensic psychologist examine your case, and then testify as to his findings.  If the hearing is successful, charges are dismissed and there is no need for a trial.  Only a highly experienced sex crimes attorney is capable of providing this type of service.

 Disclaimer: The materials available at this website are for informational purposes only and not for the purpose of providing legal advice. You should contact your attorney to obtain advice with respect to any particular issue or problem. Use and access to this website or any of the links contained within the site do not create an attorney-client relationship. The opinions expressed at or through this site are the opinions of the individual author and may not reflect the opinions of the firm or any individual attorney.

Posted in Taint Hearings | Tagged , , , |
Leave a comment

Polygraph Tests in Sex Crime Cases

Many of our clients have been faced with a difficult question: should I take a polygraph test?  Our answer typically is no.  It’s been said that one has nothing to lose if he or she is innocent, but that is a hasty assumption.

Firstly, your innocence does not guarantee that you will pass a polygraph examination.  Innocent people may in fact fail the test due to biased or inexperienced examiners, or due to nervous conditions and other psychological factors.  Secondly, and most importantly, passing the test rarely leads to the charges being dropped.  If you fail the test, however, rest assured that the likelihood of negotiating an acceptable plea is slim.

There are times when taking a polygraph is a good idea.  One such instance is where the police or prosecutors develop a written contract that guarantees the charges will be dropped if you pass the test.  Other than that, which is a rare occurrence, you should only take the exam if you are fully confident, as well as mentally and procedurally prepared.

The results of polygraph exams are not admissible in court.  This means even if you pass, you most likely will not be able to use it to your advantage in court.  Fortunately the same applies if you fail.  There are some gray areas in the law, however, which sometimes allow attorneys to make use of successful exam results in court. Competent sex crime attorneys are aware of this procedure, and must use every tool available to assure a successful case result.

 Disclaimer: The materials available at this website are for informational purposes only and not for the purpose of providing legal advice. You should contact your attorney to obtain advice with respect to any particular issue or problem. Use and access to this website or any of the links contained within the site do not create an attorney-client relationship. The opinions expressed at or through this site are the opinions of the individual author and may not reflect the opinions of the firm or any individual attorney.

Posted in Polygraphs | Tagged |
Leave a comment

Excited Utterances in Child Sex Abuse Cases

Although each state’s sex crime statutes differ, an excited utterance can be defined as a statement relating to a startling event or condition made while the declarant was under the stress of excitement caused by the event or condition.  An example of an excited utterance is if a child yells out, “mommy, he just touched me in a bad place” directly or shortly after being touched.

Court’s have ruled that such statements are highly credible because they are spontaneous and unreflected, without influence from thought, design and reason.  They reason that an excited utterance is the event speaking and not the speaker.  For these reasons, these types of statements are admissible, and are not barred by ordinary hearsay rules.

The problem is that courts often apply the definition very broadly.  For example, the court in Commonwealth v. Gore, 262 Pa. Super. stated, “The crucial question, regardless of the time lapse, is whether, at the time the statement is made, the nervous excitement continues to dominate while the reflective processes remain in abeyance”.  Using such interpretations, a child’s out-of-court statements may be admitted even if the statement was made days, or weeks after the alleged event.  Courts often allow out-of-court statements made by children to be admitted in lieu of live testimony to spare children from the stress of testifying.

We have encountered this issue numerous times, and have many highly compelling arguments on hand to counter this maneuver.  This is an example of why it is imperative to hire an attorney who has extensive experience in child sexual abuse defense.  We highly recommend your reading our blog on Confrontation Rights.

Posted in Hearsay Exceptions | Tagged , |
Leave a comment

What Constitutes Sexual Penetration?

To be convicted of some sexual crimes, the element of penetration must be proven. When most people think of the word “penetration” as it applies to sex, they imagine the male organ entering the female’s vagina.   However, Supreme Courts across the county apply the definition of this term much more loosely.

When a sex offense has an element of penetration, the element is typically established when there is “some penetration, however slight.”  If the prosecution can establish that sexual contact occurred, they are often able to establish that penetration occurred.  This is because the courts have adopted a very literal understanding of “however slight.”

For example, if an individual touches one’s vagina with his penis, the element of penetration will likely be established.  The courts’ rationale behind this is that the penis would have broken the physical plane of some part of the vagina.  As bizarre as this may sound, it is how the courts often see things.

Courts have also applied this view to fellatio and cunnilingus.  If a statute does not specify what must be penetrated, then the penis penetrating the mouth, or the mouth penetrating the vagina can establish the element of penetration.

This is a very technical argument that only an experienced sex crimes lawyer can make.  We have dissected all relevant sex crimes case law regarding this issue, and have very compelling arguments on hand to negate the element of penetration, and therefore have the charge dismissed.

 Disclaimer: The materials available at this website are for informational purposes only and not for the purpose of providing legal advice. You should contact your attorney to obtain advice with respect to any particular issue or problem. Use and access to this website or any of the links contained within the site do not create an attorney-client relationship. The opinions expressed at or through this site are the opinions of the individual author and may not reflect the opinions of the firm or any individual attorney.

Posted in Sexual Penetration | Tagged , , , , |
Leave a comment

Ohio Supreme Court Rules SORNA Unconstitutional

In the case of Ohio v. Williams, the Ohio Supreme Court ruled that the retroactive implementation of its new SORNA-based sex offender laws violated the Ohio Constitution.

“2007 Am.Sub.S.B. No. 10, as applied to defendants who committed sex offenses
prior to its enactment, violates Section 28, Article II of the Ohio
Constitution, which prohibits the General Assembly from passing
retroactive laws.”

Posted in SORNA | Tagged |
Leave a comment

SORNA Laws Coming To Pennsylvania

If senate bill 1183 is passed into law this month, hundreds of Pennsylvania’s will be forced into registering under Megan’s Law, even though they were not required to do so at the time of their sentencing. In addition, stiffer requirements and penalties will be imposed upon anyone who is required to register.

 

Below are the highlights of the proposed bill, which were based upon the Sex Offender Registration and Notification Act (SORNA).

Who Must Register Under New Provisions?

The following individuals present in this Commonwealth shall register with the Pennsylvania State Police for life, subject to the provisions of section 9799.15 (relating to exemption from registration and public notification for Pennsylvania offenders) and 9799.17 (relating to exemption from registration and public notification for out-of-State offenders). (page 64)

(1) Individuals who, on or after the effective date of this section, are convicted of a Class 1, Class 2 or Class 3 sexual offense or a similar offense under the laws of the United States or one of its territories or possessions, another state, the District of Columbia, a federally recognized Indian tribe or a foreign nation.
(2) Individuals who, on or after the effective date of this section, are convicted of any Federal or military offense enumerated in 42 U.S.C. § 16911(5)(A)(iii), (iv) and (v) (relating to relevant definitions, including Amie Zyla expansion of sex offender definition and expanded inclusion of child predator) or who, on the effective date of this section, are required to register under a sexual offender statute in the jurisdiction where the individual was convicted, sentenced, adjudicated delinquent or court martialed.
(3) Individuals who, on or after the effective date of this section, are incarcerated, serving a sentence of intermediate punishment or under the supervision of the Pennsylvania Board of Probation and Parole or any Federal or county probation and parole office for a Class 1, Class 2 or Class 3 offense or a similar offense under a former law of this Commonwealth or the laws of the United States or one of its territories or possessions, another state, the District of Columbia, a federally recognized Indian tribe or a foreign nation or for an offense enumerated in 42 U.S.C. § 16911(5) (A)(iii), (iv) and (v).
(4) Individuals who, on or after the effective date of this section, are convicted of or incarcerated, serving a sentence of intermediate punishment or under the supervision of the Pennsylvania Board of Probation and Parole or any county probation and parole office for any offense punishable by a maximum term of imprisonment exceeding one year, if the individual was previously convicted at any time of a Class 1, Class 2 or Class 3 sexual offense or a similar offense under a former law of this Commonwealth or the laws of the United States or one of its territories or possessions, another state, the District of Columbia, a federally recognized Indian tribe or a foreign nation or for an offense enumerated in 42 U.S.C. § 16911(5)(A)(iii), (iv) and (v).
(5) Individuals who, on or after the effective date of this section, are adjudicated delinquent following a determination by the court that the individual has committed any of the following offenses or similar offenses under the laws of the United States or one of its territories or possessions, another state, the District of Columbia, a federally recognized Indian tribe or a foreign nation: (i) 18 Pa.C.S. § 901 (relating to criminal attempt) if the underlying offense is listed in subparagraph (iii), (iv) or (v). (ii) 18 Pa.C.S. § 903 (relating to criminal conspiracy) if the underlying offense is listed in subparagraph (iii), (iv) or (v). (iii) 18 Pa.C.S. § 3121 (relating to rape). (iv) 18 Pa.C.S. § 3123 (relating to involuntary deviate sexual intercourse). (v) 18 Pa.C.S. § 3125 (relating to aggravated indecent assault).

Sexual Offense Tiers  (page 57)

“Class 1 sexual offense.” Any of the following offenses or of attempt, solicitation or conspiracy to commit any of the following offenses:
18 Pa.C.S. § 2902 (relating to unlawful restraint) if the victim is a minor and the perpetrator is not the victim’s parent.
18 Pa.C.S. § 2903 (relating to false imprisonment) if the victim is a minor and the perpetrator is not the victim’ s parent.
18 Pa.C.S. § 2904 (relating to interference with custody of children) if the victim is a minor and the perpetrator is not the victim’s parent.
18 Pa.C.S. § 2910 (relating to luring a child into a motor vehicle or structure).
18 Pa.C.S. § 3124.2 (relating to institutional sexual assault) if the victim is not a minor.
18 Pa.C.S. § 3126 (relating to indecent assault) if the offense is graded a misdemeanor of the first degree or higher and the punishment is less than on e year .
18 Pa.C.S. § 7507.1 (relating to invasion of privacy).

“Class 2 sexual offense.” Any of the following offenses or of attempt, solicitation or conspiracy to commit any of the following offenses:
18 Pa.C.S. § 3126 (relating to indecent assault) if the offense is graded as a misdemeanor of the first degree or higher and the punishment is one year or more or if the individual was previously convicted of 18 Pa.C.S. § 3126.
18 Pa.C.S. § 5902(b) (relating to prostitution and related offenses) if the actor promoted the prostitution of a minor.
18 Pa.C.S.§ 5903(a)(3), (4), (5), or (6) (relating to obscene and other sexual materials and performances) if the victim is a minor.
18 Pa.C.S. § 6312 (relating to sexual abuse of children).
18 Pa.C.S. § 6318 (relating to unlawful contact with minor).
18 Pa.C.S. § 6320 (relating to sexual exploitation of children).

“Class 3 sexual offense.” Any of the following offenses or of attempt, solicitation or conspiracy to commit any of the following offenses:
18 Pa.C.S. § 2901 (relating to kidnapping) if the victim is a minor.
18 Pa.C.S. § 3121 (relating to rape).
18 Pa.C.S. § 3122.1 (relating to statutory sexual assault).
18 Pa.C.S. § 3123 (relating to involuntary deviate sexual intercourse).
18 Pa.C.S. § 3124.1 (relating to sexual assault).
18 Pa.C.S. § 3124.2 (relating to institutional sexual assault) if the victim is a minor.
18 Pa.C.S. § 3125 (relating to aggravated indecent assault).
18 Pa.C.S. § 3126 (relating to indecent assault) if the offense is graded as a misdemeanor of the first degree o r higher, the victim is less than 13 years of age, and the punishment is one year or more.
18 Pa.C.S. § 4302 (relating to incest) if the victim is less than 13 years of age or the victim is 13 to 18 years of age and the offender is at least four years older than the victim.

Other Notable SORNA Changes

1. It will be a felony a) for anyone to assist a sex offender that is eluding police because of non-compliance with conditions of registration, and b) for anyone to withhold or not notify authorities about a sex offender’s non-compliance. (page 1)

2. No one is required to notify you to register or update information – not being notified is not a defense. (page 5)

3. Mandatory Minimum Penalties for Registration Violation 1st time. (page 9)
a. Class 1 and 2 @4915 a(1) or (2) – 2 years
b. Class 1 and 2 @4915 a(3) – 3 years
c. Class 3 or SVP @4915 a(1) or  2) – 3 years
d. Class 3 or SVP @4915 a(3) – 5 years
***4915a (1)  register with the Pennsylvania State Police or report a change in registration information as required under 42 Pa.C.S. [§ 9795.2 (relating to registration procedures and applicability)
***4915a (2)  verify his address or registration information or be photographed as required under 42 Pa.C.S. [§ 9796 (relating to verification of residence)] Ch. 97 Subch. H;
***4915a (3)  provide accurate information when registering [under 42 Pa.C.S. § 9795.2], reporting a change in registration or verifying an address or registration information as required under 42 Pa.C.S. [§ 9796]

4. Mandatory Minimum Penalties for Registration Violation 2nd time.
a. @4915 a(1) or (2) – 5 years
b. @4915 a(3) – 7 years

5. Mandatory sentence of 25 years for anyone convicted of a second sex offense, including offenses from out of state, or military offense. (page 08)

6. Class 1 and 2 sexual offenders can be removed from the registry. (page 80)

Class 1 sexual offenders.–A Class 1 sexual offender may petition the court of common pleas where the offender was convicted of a registrable offense to be exempt from registration under section 9799.13 (relating to registration) and public notification under section 9799.23 (relating to information made available to the public), if:
(1) No less than 15 years have passed since the offender was convicted of the registrable offense, excluding any time that the offender was in custody or civilly committed.
(2) During the 15-year period, the offender met all of the removal criteria.

(Class 2 sexual offenders.–A Class 2 sexual offender may petition the court of common pleas where the offender was convicted of a registrable offense to be exempt from registration under section 9799.13 and public notification under section 9799.23, if:
(1) No less than 25 years have passed since the offender was convicted of the registrable offense, excluding any time the offender was in custody or civilly committed.
(2) During the 25-year period, the offender met all of the removal criteria.

7. An offender shall appear in person at an approved registration site to complete a change of information form within 72 hours of any change in registration information.

8. An offender shall provide notice to the Pennsylvania State Police at least ten days before traveling outside of this Commonwealth and at least 21 days before traveling outside of the United States.

9. An offender who resides or is habitually located in this Commonwealth and who will travel from the offender’s residence or habitual locale to any location for at least seven days shall, not less than ten days in advance of travel, appear at an approved registration site and notify the Pennsylvania State Police of the place at which the offender will be temporarily lodged and the duration of the travel.

10.
a) Class 3 sex offenders shall verify their registration information every 90 days in person.
b) Class 2 sex offenders shall verify their registration information every 180 days in person.
c) Class 1 sex offenders shall verify their registration information annually in person.

Other topics not covered herein:

1) out-of-state offenders
2) sexually violent predators
3) law enforcement duties

View complete PA Senate Bill 1183

Posted in SORNA | Tagged , , , , , |
5 Comments